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Rye Bread, Scorched (grislet)

Erken's large batch of scorched sourdough rye bread (Norwegian grislet rugbrød): an evening sponge of 3 l water, yeast, sourdough and 4 kg rye flour, and the next morning 3 l water with salt and caraway plus 4 kg more rye flour. The loaves are browned ("scorched") in the flames from woodpiles at the bake oven door before baking about 1 hour.

Source: Henriette Schønberg Erken, Stor kokebok, 1914-utg. s. 536 (falt i det fri)

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About the dish

The recipe belongs to Erken's large baking chapter and describes traditional bake-oven baking of sourdough rye bread, where the loaves are "scorched" – browned quickly in the open flames from two woodpiles at the oven door – before being set in to bake. This is a large batch intended for a household with its own bake oven.

How to make it

  1. 1

    Evening sponge

    Knead together 3 liters of water, the yeast, the sourdough and 4 kg rye flour into a somewhat firm dough. Let it stand overnight.

  2. 2

    The next morning

    Add a further 3 liters of water in which the salt and caraway have been stirred. Knead in about 4 kg more rye flour. Knead well and let the dough rise 1 hour.

  3. 3

    Shape the loaves

    Shape the dough into loaves in the usual way. Place the loaves on floured bread peels or boards, brush with cold water.

  4. 4

    Scorching in the bake oven

    Fire the bake oven well and let it burn down to embers. Lay two piles of dry wood, one on each side by the oven door. When these burn well and the flames leap over, slide in the peel with 2–3 loaves at a time and move it back and forth. When small blisters appear on the surface, the bread is finished scorching.

  5. 5

    Turn and scorch again

    Take out the peel, turn the loaf bottom side up, slide it back in and scorch it the same way. Make 2 cuts with a small knife and turn the loaf.

  6. 6

    Baking

    Sweep the oven clean with a damp cloth on the broom. Brush the loaves with milk, water or egg white and make 5 cuts on top. Put the loaves in, leave the oven door ajar for a quarter hour, then close the door and bake the loaves about 1 hour. In a modern oven: bake at 220 °C (430 °F) for 15 minutes, lower to 190 °C (375 °F) and bake a further 45 minutes or so.

Changes from the original

The quantity of sourdough was missing from the original text (OCR) and has been set to "as needed." Measures are converted to modern units (liters, dl, grams, tablespoons). Scorching in the bake oven is described, but a modern alternative with baking in a regular oven has been added. Baking time and temperature are given in modern form.

Time machine – what changed?

Pick two editions and see what Henriette Schønberg Erken added, removed or changed between them.

From19141949Modernised
To19141949Modernised
Modernised → 1914 (proofread, p. 536)~81% of the text changedremovedadded
6 l vann (3 liter i forkveldsdeigen, 3 liter neste morgen). l. vand 50 g gjær. gr. gjær … kg. surdeig (etter behov, ca. 0,5–1 kg). 8 kg rugmel (4 kg i forkveldsdeigen, ca. 4 kg neste morgen). 8 ss salt. 6 ss karve. melk, vann eller eggehvite (til pensling). Elt kg. rugmel. Eltes sammen 3 liter vann, gjæren, surdeigen og 4 kg rugmel til en litt fast deig. La den stå deig; staar natten over.. Tilsett ytterligere over. Næste morgen tilsættes andre 3 liter vann som saltet l. vand, hvori 8 spiseskeer salt og karven er rørt ut i. Elt inn 6 skeer karve, derpaa eltes ind ca. 4 kg kg. rugmel til. Elt Eltes godt og la deigen heve hæves 1 time.. Slå opp time. Nu slaaes deigen op til brød på paa vanlig måte. Legg brødene på melte brødspader maate. Brødene sættes paa melede grisler eller fjøler, pensle fjæler, overpensles med kaldt vann.. Fyr opp koldt vand og grisles. Efterat bakerovnen er fyret godt op paa vanlig maate og la den brenne ned nogenlunde brændt ut til glør. Legg to glør, lægges 2 hauger tørr tør ved, én på en paa hver side side, like ved ovnsdøren. Når Naar disse brenner godt og brænder godt, saa luen slår slaar over, skyv inn spaden indskyves grislen med 2–3 2 å 3 brød om gangen og ad gangen; skyv grislen frem og tilbake. Når det Naar der viser seg små sig smaa blærer på overflaten, paa brødets overflate, er brødet ferdig grislet.. Ta ut spaden, vend det færdig grislet. Naar grislen er tat ut, vendes brødet med bunnen opp, skyv inn igjen bunden op, skyves atter ind, og grisle på man grisler paa samme måte. Gjør maate; 2 snitt snit gjøres med en liten kniv og vend brødet.. Fei ovnen kniv, brødet vendes. Ovnen feies ren med en fuktig fugtig klut på sopelimen. Pensle brødene paa sopen. Brødene overstrykes med melk, vann vand eller eggehvite eggehvite, og gjør 5 snitt på snit gjøres paa oversiden. Sett Sæt saa brødene inn, ind, la ovnsdøren stå på staa paa klem i et kvarter, lukk så ¼ time, luk døren og stek la brødene ca. steke omtrent 1 time. I moderne stekeovn: stek ved 220 °C i 15 minutter, senk til 190 °C og stek videre i ca. 45 minutter.

Note on Modernised

Mengden surdeig manglet i originalteksten (OCR) og er satt til «etter behov». Mål er omregnet til moderne enheter (liter, dl, gram, spiseskjeer). Grisling i bakerovn er beskrevet, men det er tilføyd et moderne alternativ med steking i vanlig stekeovn. Steketid og temperatur er angitt i moderne form.

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Frequently asked questions

Why must the dough stand overnight?
Because the bread is leavened with sourdough and only 50 g yeast. The first dough of 3 l water, yeast, sourdough and 4 kg rye flour is kneaded into a somewhat firm dough and stands overnight, so the sourdough has time to work. The next morning another 3 l water is added, salt, caraway and about 4 kg rye flour, and the dough rises 1 hour before shaping.
What does it mean that the bread is "scorched"?
The loaves are set on floured peels (bread paddles) or boards, brushed with cold water and "scorched," that is, pricked/dotted. The peel with 2–3 loaves at a time is slid into the oven and moved back and forth, so the loaves drop straight onto the oven floor.
How is the bake oven fired for this recipe?
The oven is fired up well in the usual way until it has more or less burned down to embers. Then two piles of dry wood are laid, one on each side right by the oven door. When these burn well so the flames leap over, the loaves are pushed in – they are ready for the next step when small blisters appear on the bread.
How much salt and caraway are used, and for how many loaves?
8 tablespoons of salt and 6 spoonfuls of caraway are stirred into the last 3 liters of water. The recipe is from Henriette Schønberg Erken's "Stor kokebok" (1914, p. 536) and makes a large batch – given as about 24 servings with roughly 8 kg rye flour in all.

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