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Ptarmigan, Home-Canned

Erken's 1914 method for home-canning ptarmigan: clean, lard, brown in butter, pre-cook in stock, place in warmed jars/cans with stock and sterilize at 100 °C for 1½ hours, plus advice on storage, serving with a sour-cream and cream sauce, and the care of cans and rubber rings.

Source: Henriette Schønberg Erken, Stor kokebok, 1914-utg. s. 640 (falt i det fri)

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About the dish

From the chapter on butchering and preserving in "Stor kokebok" (1914). Here Erken describes home-canning ptarmigan in jars or tin cans, a common way to preserve the hunting catch before chest freezers and freezers became commonplace. The sections on labeling, storage, warming screw-top cans and caring for rubber rings show how much handwork the housewife had to put into the equipment.

How to make it

  1. 1

    Prepare the birds

    Use only completely fresh ptarmigan. Sort old birds separately and ptarmigan chicks separately. Clean and wipe them well, and lard them with thin strips of fatback or pork.

  2. 2

    Cook stock

    If space is tight in the jars or cans, cut off the neck and back. Brown these in butter, add boiling water and cook a stock from them.

  3. 3

    Brown the ptarmigan

    Brown 2–3 ptarmigan at a time in butter and let them gently sizzle in the butter for 15 minutes.

  4. 4

    Pre-cook in stock

    Transfer the birds at once to a pot with boiling stock and cook them 15–20 minutes depending on their size.

  5. 5

    Fill jars or cans

    Take up the ptarmigan and place them warm in clean, warmed jars or cans. Do not fill all the way – two fingers' width from the rim is right. Pour on boiling stock until it is level with the meat, and put on the ring and lid.

  6. 6

    Sterilize

    Set the jars in a canning apparatus or water bath and sterilize at 100 °C (210 °F) for 1½ hours. Cool, label and store in a dry, airy cellar without frost.

  7. 7

    Serving later

    To open the cans, set screw-top cans in warm water bottom-up, so the rubber rings loosen more easily. Dip the bird pieces in farm sour cream and brown them quickly in butter. Pour the stock into the butter, add a little cream and cook the sauce down; strain it if desired. Pour a little sauce over the bird on the platter.

  8. 8

    Care of the equipment

    Wash emptied cans in soda water, rub them with petroleum jelly and set them in a dry place so they do not rust. Put the rubber rings in soda water for a couple of minutes, rinse and dry them, place them on a roll of cardboard or wood and pack them in tissue paper. They keep best moist and dark – dry air, frost, fat and vinegar ruin them.

Changes from the original

Amounts have been estimated at four ptarmigan, since the original gives no measures. "Larded" is explained as adding fatback/pork fat. The sterilization has been specified as 100 °C (210 °F) for 1½ hours as Erken states for meat and game at the top of the page, and given as a water bath/canning apparatus. Modern units and Norwegian spelling have been used in the ingredient list and steps.

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Time machine – what changed?

Pick two editions and see what Henriette Schønberg Erken added, removed or changed between them.

1949 (proofread, p. 774) → 1914 (proofread, p. 640)~42% of the text changedremovedadded
Ryper Ryper, hermetiske. Ryper, som skal legges lægges ned hermetisk, må maa «komme hjem» ganske friske. Sorter de gamle for sig og rypekyllinger for sig. Efterat de er renset, tørket tørret og spekket, spækket, brunes 2—3 ad gangen i smør; småsurrer smaasurrer i smøret smørret i 15 minutter. Legges Lægges straks over i en gryte med litt kokende kraft og trekker kokes heri 15—20 minutter efter størrelsen. Tas Tages op og legges lægges straks i glass glas eller bokser. Er der trangt om plass plads i boksene — med andre ord er der overflod av ryper eller annen anden fugl —, kan man skjære hals og ryggen fra. Benytt så Benyt saa dette til å at koke kraften på; paa; brun det først i smør og spe på spæd paa kokende vann. Dåsene må vand. Daaserne maa være rene — naturligvis — og opvarmet; rypene må ryperne maa ikke fylles fyldes helt op — 2 finger fra kanten er passe. Koles Kokes som forklart forklaret under hermetisk nedlegning. Dåsene påsettes nedlægning (se side 638). Daaserne paasættes merkelapper; opbevares best bedst i en tørr, tør, luftig kjeller, kjelder, hvor de der ikke fryser. — Når Naar de så saa med tiden skal åpnes, settes aapnes, sættes skruebokser i varmt vann vand med bunnen bunden op, gummiringene løsner lettere da. Best Bedst blir rypene ryperne eller den nedlagte fugl, om stykke for stykke dyppes i sur fløte og hurtig brunes over i smør. Hell så litt av Held saa kraften i smøret, smørret, litt fløte om man har råd tilsettes, tilsættes, og sausen koker inn, ind, siles eller helst ikke. Hell ikke som man vil. Held litt saus over fuglen, som er anrettet på paa fatet. På Paa denne måte legges maate lægges stekt fugl, kokt fugl med flesk og rypepostei ned. Når Naar en boks er tømt, vaskes den i sodavann sodavand og inngnis indgnides med vaselin og settes på sættes paa et tørt sted for ikke å at ruste. Gummiringene legges lægges et par minutter i sodavann, sodavand, skylles, tørres, stikkes inn på ind paa en rull rul av papp pap eller tre, træ, omvikles med silkepapir. De opbevares best på bedst paa et fuktig, fugtig, mørkt sted. Tørr Tør luft, frost, fett, eddik gjør dem aldeles ubrukelige.

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Frequently asked questions

How do I prepare the ptarmigan before canning?
The ptarmigan must "come home" completely fresh. Sort old ptarmigan separately and ptarmigan chicks separately. Clean, dry and lard them before browning.
How long should the ptarmigan be browned and cooked?
Brown 2–3 ptarmigan at a time in butter and let them gently sizzle in the butter for 15 minutes. Then place them at once in a pot with boiling stock and cook 15–20 minutes, depending on size.
What do I do if space is tight in the cans?
Then you can cut off the neck and back. Use these to cook the stock: brown them first in butter and add boiling water. The cans must be clean and warmed, and the ptarmigan should not be filled all the way – leave about two fingers' room.

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